Absoultely! as a matter of fact, thats pretty much what BizTalk was designed to do. Now, you can do this is a variety of ways depending on whats on the other end. One way can be to trigger all these events based on files being dropped to certain locations that Biztalk is watching. Another is to use messages, and yet another is to listen to events. Basically, anything you can get data to will work in the adapter stage.
Think of BizTalk as an Exchange server that has been supercharged and has very few limitations. You can then either route the message as is, send it to several recipients, change the data entirely and send it back, even get a message, trigger a workflow, wait for human intervension then resume from there.
The short answer is “yep”, the suggestion is to read up on BizTalk and decide how deep you want to get into it and how thorough you need your solution to be within it.